Micro Processor Lab

Practice 1 #

Use 8 LED and light them up in simulator

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• LED-RED

CODE #

/*
 * Flasher.c
 *
 * Created: 9/29/2024 11:13:44 AM
 * Author: AMIR-MOHAMMAD-SAFARI
 */

#include <delay.h>
#include <mega32.h>

int i;
void main(void) {
    DDRD = 0xFF;  // Set PORTD as output
    while (1) {
        // First loop to shift bits from 1 to 128
        for (i = 1; i <= 128; i = i * 2) {
            PORTD = i;
            delay_ms(100);
        }

        // Second loop to shift bits from 64 back to 1
        for (i = 64; i >= 1; i = i / 2) {
            PORTD = i;
            delay_ms(100);
        }
    }
}

Schematic #

Practice 2 #

Light up the LED Counter in simulator

• 0 to 9
• 9 to 0
• Speed of counting
• Count 0 to 5

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• 7SEGMENT
• SW-SPDT
• 7447 Decoder

CODE 0 to 9 and 9 to 0 #

/*
 * CounterLED.c
 *
 * Created: 10/6/2024 9:43:52 AM
 * Author: AMIR-MOHAMMAD-SAFARI
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>

void main (void) {
    DDRC.0 = 0;
    DDRA = 0xFF;

    while(1) {
        if (PINC.0 == 1) {
            int i = 0;

            while(i < 10) {
                PORTA = i;
                i++;
                delay_ms(50); // Speed 50 MS
            }
        }
        else {
            int i = 9;
            while(i >= 0) {
                PORTA = i;
                i--;
                delay_ms(50); // Speed 50 MS
            }
        }
    }
}

Changes that count 0 to 5

while(i < 5) {
    PORTA = i;
    i++;
    delay_ms(50);
}
else {
    int i = 5;
	while(i >= 0) {
	    PORTA = i;
	    i--;
	    delay_ms(50);
	}
}

Schematic #

Practice 3 #

Algorithm that show Sum and Multiply of numbers and show on LED

We have 4 SW_SPDT

• A0 and A1
• B0 and B1

Current project is on ATMEGA32

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• SW-SPDT
• 7447 Decoder
• 7SEGMENT

CODE #

/*
 * LED_StarPlus.c
 *
 * Created: 10/13/2024 8:23:08 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>

void main (void) {
    DDRD = 0xFF;
    DDRC.0 = 0;
    DDRA = 0x00;
    DDRB = 0x00;
    
    while (1) {
        if (PINC.0 == 1) {
            PORTD = PINA + PINB;
        }
        else {
            PORTD = PINA * PINB;
        }
    }
}

Schematic #

Practice 4 #

Showing something on LCD, which is LM016L. We can even clear screen or change position of things on LCD.

Current project is on ATMEGA32

Devices :

• LM016L
• ATMEGA32

CODE #

/*
 * LCD_16Bit_Code_C.c
 *
 * Created: 10/20/2024 8:13:19 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>

#asm
    .equ __lcd_port = 0x18;
#endasm

#include <lcd.h>

void main(void) {
    PORTB = 0x00;
    DDRB = 0x00;
    
    lcd_init(16);
    lcd_clear();
    
    lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
	lcd_putsf("Amir Mohammad");
	
    lcd_gotoxy(9,1);
	lcd_putsf("Safari");
}

Schematic #

Scroll Practice 4 - 1 #

Now the data shown in LCD will be scroll horizontally

CODE #

/*
 * LCD_16Bit_Code_C_Move.c
 *
 * Created: 10/20/2024 10:37:27 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>

#asm
    .equ __lcd_port = 0x18;
#endasm

#include <lcd.h>

void main(void) {
    char name[] = "Amir Mohammad Safari    ";
    int len = 23;
    int i;

    PORTB = 0x00;
    DDRB = 0x00;
    
    lcd_init(32);

    while (1) {
        for (i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) {
            lcd_clear();
            lcd_gotoxy(0, 0);
            lcd_puts(&name[i]);
            delay_ms(20);
        }
    }
}

Schematic #

Practice 5 #

Devices :

• LM032L
• KEYPAD MATRIX
• RES
• ATMEGA32

CODE #

/*
 * KeyPad.c
 *
 * Created: 10/30/2024 1:57:05 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>

#asm
    .equ __lcd_port = 0x1B;
#endasm

#include <lcd.h>

unsigned char scan_key(void);
unsigned char code[4][4] = {{7,4,1,10},{8,5,2,0},{9,6,3,11},{12,13,14,15}};

char lcd_buffer[10];

void main (void) {
    unsigned char key;
    PORTC = 0x00;
    DDRC = 0xF0;
    
    lcd_init(16);
    lcd_clear();
    
    while(1) {
        key = scan_key();
        if (key != 0xFF) {
            lcd_clear();
            lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
            
            sprintf(lcd_buffer, "Button = %d", key);
            lcd_puts(lcd_buffer);
        }
    }
}

unsigned char scan_key(void) {
    unsigned char i, data, num_key = 0xFF, temp = 0x70;
    
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        PORTC = temp;
        delay_ms(5);
        data = PINC & 0x0F;
        
        if (data == 0x07)
            num_key = code[0][i];
        if (data == 0x0B)
            num_key = code[1][i];
        if (data == 0x0D)
            num_key = code[2][i];
        if (data == 0x0E)
			num_key = code[3][i];
            
		temp = ((temp >>= 1) | 0x80) & 0xF0;
	}
	return num_key;
}

Schematic #

Practice 6 #

2 Mode

• Cathode
• Anode

[CATHODE] #

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• 7SEGMENT-CATHODE
• GROUND

Table #

+-------+----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-----+
| CHAR  | DP | G | F | E | D | C | B | A | HEX |
+-------+----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-----+
|   0   | 0  | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3F  |
|   1   | 0  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 06  |
|   2   | 0  | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5B  |
|   3   | 0  | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4F  |
|   4   | 0  | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 66  |
|   5   | 0  | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6D  |
|   6   | 0  | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7D  |
|   7   | 0  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 07  |
|   8   | 0  | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7F  |
|   9   | 0  | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6F  |
+-------+----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-----+

CODE #

/*
 * 7SEG-CATHODE-COUNTER.c
 *
 * Created: 11/6/2024 1:39:03 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>

void main (void) {
    int i = 0;
    unsigned char seg[10] = {0x3F, 0x06, 0x5B, 0x4F, 0x66, 0x6D, 0x7D, 0x07, 0x7F, 0x6F};
    
    DDRC = 0xFF;
    PORTC = 0x00;
    
    while(1) {
        if (i > 9)
            i = 0;
        PORTC = seg[i];
        delay_ms(100);
        i++;
    }
}

Schematic #

[ANODE] #

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• 7SEGMENT-ANODE
• VCC (5V)

Table #

+-------+----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-----+
| CHAR  | DP | G | F | E | D | C | B | A | HEX |
+-------+----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-----+
|   0   | 1  | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | C0  |
|   1   | 1  | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | F9  |
|   2   | 1  | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | A4  |
|   3   | 1  | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | B0  |
|   4   | 1  | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 99  |
|   5   | 1  | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 92  |
|   6   | 1  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 82  |
|   7   | 1  | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | F8  |
|   8   | 1  | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 80  |
|   9   | 1  | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 90  |
+-------+----+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+-----+

CODE #

/*
 * 7SEG-ANODE-COUNTER.c
 *
 * Created: 11/6/2024 1:40:49 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>

void main (void) {
    int i = 0;
    unsigned char seg[10] = {0xC0, 0xF9, 0xA4, 0xB0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xF8, 0x80, 0x90};
    
    DDRC = 0xFF;
    PORTC = 0x00;
    
    while(1) {
        if (i > 9)
            i = 0;
        PORTC = seg[i];
        delay_ms(100);
        i++;
    }
}

Schematic #

Practice 7 #

Show 0-255 on 7SEG

We have 9 Switch

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• SP-SPST (Switch)
• LCD (LM016L)

CODE #

/*
 * 0-255-LCD-SWITCH.c
 *
 * Created: 11/17/2024 5:33:14 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include <lcd.h>

#asm
.equ __lcd_port = 0x1B;
#endasm

void main(void) {
    char buffer [20];
    unsigned char num;
    
    PORTB = 0xFF;
    DDRB = 0x00;
    PORTC = 0xFF;
    DDRC = 0x00;
    
    lcd_init(20);
    lcd_clear();
    lcd_putsf("Set Keys");
    
    while (1) {
        if (PINC.0 != 0) {
            lcd_clear();
            lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
            sprintf(buffer, "Hi, please start");
            lcd_puts(buffer);
            num = 0x00;
        }
        
        else {
            num =~ PINB;
        }
        
        if (num != 0x00) {
            lcd_clear();
            lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
            sprintf(buffer, "Number = %d", num);
            lcd_puts(buffer);
            delay_ms(100);
        }
        
		else if (PINC.0 == 0) {
			lcd_clear();
			lcd_putsf("Number = 0");
			delay_ms(100);
		}
	}
}

Schematic #

Practice 8 #

We have 8 resistors connected to atmega32

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• Resistor 330 OHM
• 7SEG-MPX4-CA

CODE #

/*
 * 7-SEG-9999.c
 *
 * Created: 11/17/2024 8:00:24 PM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>

void main(void) {
    unsigned char seg[10] = {0xC0, 0xF9, 0xA4, 0xB0, 0x99, 0x92, 0x82, 0xF8, 0x80, 0x90};
    int i = 0, ones, tens, hundreds, thousands;
    
    DDRC = 0xFF;
    PORTC = 0x00;

    DDRD = 0xFF;
    PORTD = 0x00;
    
    while (1) {
        thousands = i / 1000;
        hundreds = (i % 1000) / 100;
        tens = (i % 100) / 10;
        ones = i % 10;

        PORTD = 0b00001000; // Display ones
        PORTC = seg[ones];
        delay_ms(1); // Reduce delay for multiplexing
        
        PORTD = 0b00000100; // Display tens
        PORTC = seg[tens];
        delay_ms(1);
        
        PORTD = 0b00000010; // Display hundreds
        PORTC = seg[hundreds];
        delay_ms(1);
        
        PORTD = 0b00000001; // Display thousands
        PORTC = seg[thousands];
        delay_ms(1);
        
        i++;
        if (i > 9999) i = 0;
    }
}

Schematic #

Practice 9 #

Digital clock

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• LM032L

CODE #

/*
 * DIGITAL-CLOCK.c
 *
 * Created: 11/24/2024 10:20:01 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include <lcd.h>

#asm
.equ __lcd_port = 0x1B;
#endasm

void main(void) {
    while(1) {
        int H = 0;
        int M = 0;
        int S = 0;
        
        char buffer_lcd[10];
        lcd_init(16);
        lcd_clear();
        
        for (H = 0; H < 25; H++) {
            lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
            sprintf(buffer_lcd, "Time : %d", H);
            lcd_puts(buffer_lcd);
            
            for (M = 0; M < 61; M++) {
                lcd_gotoxy(9,0);
                sprintf(buffer_lcd, "%d", M);
                lcd_puts(buffer_lcd);
                
                for(S = 0; S < 61; S++) {
                    lcd_gotoxy(12,0);
                    sprintf(buffer_lcd, "%d", S);
					lcd_puts(buffer_lcd);
					delay_ms(1000);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

Schematic #

Practice 10 #

Alphabet letters on MATRIX

Devices :

• ATMEGA32
• MATRIX 8x8

Letters TABLE info #

CODE #

/*
 * MATRIX8x8-Alphabet-LETTERS.c
 *
 * Created: 11/24/2024 10:55:44 AM
 * Author: Amir Mohammad
 */

#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>

#define xtal 8000000

unsigned char k;
flash unsigned char arr[8] = {0x18, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7E, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00};  // Letter A

void main(void) {
    DDRA = 0xFF;
    DDRB = 0xFF;
    
    while(1) {
        for ( k = 0; k <= 7; k++) {
			PORTA = arr[k];
			PORTB = ~(1 << k);
			delay_us(100);
			PORTB = 0xFF;
		}
	}
}

Schematic #

Credit #

• Mr. Hamed Sarbazi (Teacher)
• Mr. Amir Mohammad Safari (TA)